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What it frames

The Leica M EV1 with the Leica Super-Elmar-M 18mm f/3.8 ASPH, over an 8.5 m tree and a 1.75 m person, with hills behind. Everything is drawn to scale: the solid frame is what the camera takes in, the dashed ones are 24, 50 and 135mm on full frame from the same spot.

18mm on the Leica M EV1 frames 40 m × 26.7 m at 20 m: like 18mm on full frame, 90° across.

24mm eq.50mm eq.135mm eq.18mm · like 18mm on full frame40 m × 26.7 m at 20 m
The subject is 20 m away; things behind it are drawn smaller, as the camera sees them.
Inside the frame: the picture you would get.

The numbers

  • Frame at 20 m40 m × 26.7 m
  • Full-frame equivalent18mm
  • Angle of view90° × 67°, 100° diagonal
  • Depth of field at f/3.82.58 m to infinity (to infinity)
  • Depth of field at f/81.31 m to infinity (to infinity)
  • Hyperfocal at f/3.82.97 m
  • Hyperfocal at f/81.42 m
  • Circle of confusion0.029 mm
f/3.82.58 m to infinity (everything to infinity)f/81.31 m to infinity (everything to infinity)camerasubject, 20 m40 m
Depth of field: what is acceptably sharp, wide open and at f/8, focused on the subject.

How it is worked out

The frame at a distance is distance × sensor size ÷ focal length, across and up; the angle of view is 2 × atan(sensor size ÷ (2 × focal length)). Depth of field uses the thin-lens formulas: the hyperfocal distance H = f² ÷ (N × c) + f, the near limit s(H − f) ÷ (H + s − 2f) and the far limit s(H − f) ÷ (H − s), sharp to infinity from H on, with a circle of confusion c of the sensor diagonal ÷ 1500 and, on a zoom whose aperture changes, the maximum aperture taken linearly between its ends. These are for a rectilinear lens; a fisheye takes in more. Ask for this page with Accept: application/json for the numbers alone.